简单的谈一下SpringMVC的工作流程
1.发送请求 Dispatcher(中央控制器)
2.调用 处理器映射器(HandlerMapping) 找到处理器
3.返回 HandlerExecutionChain
包含:HandlerInterceptor(处理器拦截器)
Handler(处理器对象)
4.通过 处理器适配器(HandlerAdapter) 调用具体的 处理器
5.调用处理器
6.返回ModelAndView
7.返回ModelAndView
8.视图解析器(ViewResolver)
9.返回view
10.渲染视图(view)
11.响应用户
SpringMVC工作流程图
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核心概念
- 中央控制器 DispatcherServlet
- 处理器映射器
- 处理器拦截器
- 处理器对象
- 处理器适配器
- 视图解析器
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核心类
- org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter
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源码分析
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通过debug追踪SpringMVC执行流程
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核心断点:
- cn.wangzengqiang.interview.atguigu2019.javaee.spring.springmvc.handler.SpringMVCHandler.testMap 53行
- org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch 1101行,916行,923行,945行,959行,1012行,1204行,1225行,
- org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render 257行, 266行, 374行
- org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel 173行,180行,189行,201行,209行
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核心断点图解
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mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());
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mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
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HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());
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processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);
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render(mv, request, response);
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view = resolveViewName(mv.getViewName(), mv.getModelInternal(), locale, request);
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HandlerExecutionChain handler = hm.getHandler(request);
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renderMergedOutputModel(mergedModel, request, response);
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exposeModelAsRequestAttributes(model, requestToExpose); ... rd.include(requestToExpose, response); ... rd.forward(requestToExpose, response);
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request.setAttribute(modelName, modelValue);
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核心代码show
- 代码结构图
- springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 配置自动扫描到的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.wangzengqiang.interview.atguigu2019.javaee.spring.springmvc"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置不经过处理器方法直接到达响应页面
path属性:设置要映射请求地址
view-name属性:设置视图名
-->
<mvc:view-controller path="/testViewResolver" view-name="success"/>
<!-- 配置了不经过处理器方法直接到达响应页面之后,处理器方法上的@RequestMapping将失效,此时必须配置以下标签 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>
- web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--
解决post请求的请求乱码问题
但是不能解决get请求乱码问题:
1)修改server.xml找到Connector标签,加入URIEncoding="UTF-8"即可
-->
<!-- 设置CharacterEncodingFilter -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<!-- 设置请求的字符集 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 设置响应的字符集 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 注册HiddenHttpMethodFilter,目的是为了将一个POST请求转换为PUT或者DELETE请求 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
- SpringMVCHandler.java
@Controller
public class SpringMVCHandler {
public static final String SUCCESS = "success";
public static final String SUCCESS1 = "success1";
//1.SpringMVC中如何解决POST请求中文乱码问题,GET的又如何处理呢
/*
* ★测试入参为POJO
* Spring MVC会按请求参数名和 POJO属性名进行自动匹配,
* 自动为该对象填充属性值。支持级联属性
*/
@RequestMapping("/testPOJO")
public String testPOJO(Employee employee) {
System.out.println("员工的信息是:" + employee);
return SUCCESS;
}
//1.简单的谈一下SpringMVC的工作流程
//处理模型数据方式一:将方法的返回值设置为ModelAndView
@RequestMapping("/testModelAndView")
public ModelAndView testModelAndView() {
//1.创建ModelAndView对象
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
//2.设置模型数据,最终会放到request域中
mav.addObject("user", "admin");
//3.设置视图
mav.setViewName("success1");
return mav;
}
/*
* ★处理模型数据方式二:方法的返回值仍是String类型,在方法的入参中传入Map、Model或者ModelMap
* 不管将处理器方法的返回值设置为ModelAndView还是在方法的入参中传入Map、Model或者ModelMap,
* SpringMVC都会转换为一个ModelAndView对象
*/
@RequestMapping("/testMap")
public String testMap(Map<String , Object> map) {
//向Map中添加模型数据,最终会自动放到request域中
map.put("user", new Employee(1, "工一", "gongyi@wangzengqiang.cn", new Department(101, "教学部")));
return SUCCESS1;
}
}
- success1.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Success Page</h1>
<h2>request域中的用户是:${requestScope.user }</h2>
</body>
</html>
- index1.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/testModelAndView">Test ModelAndView</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/testMap">Test Map</a><br>
</body>
</html>